شرح مفصَّل - زمن الماضى البسيط The Past Simple Tense - شبكة امبل -English Grammar

Lesson Two 

Past Simple Tense

الكلمات الداله او ( الظروف ) -: (key Words Or (Adverbs

البارحه : yesterday     مضى / قبل : ago         عندما : when

 فقط الان  :  just now      فى الماضى : in the past

فى ( يوم - اسبوع  - زمن  )  ما : ( in the other (day- week - time

( الاسبوع - الشهر - السنه)  الماضى/ الماضيه : (Last (week- month -year

فى + تاريخ فى الماضى :  ( in + date in the past (in 2005

كل  ( اليوم  - الاسبوع - الوقت ) :   ( All  ( day - week  - time

هذا / هذه ( الصباح - اليوم - الاسبوع )  : ( This ( morning - day - week

فى تلك ( الايام - الاسابيع  )  : (in those ( days- weeks

لمدَّة + رقم + ( ايام - اسابيع  )  : ( For + number + ( days - weeks

قبل + رقم + ( ايام - اسابيع  )  : ( before + number + ( days - months

القاعدة  -: Rule 

1/ اذا كان الفعل منتظما (regular) نضف له d اوed او ied 2/ اذا كان الفعل غير منتظم (irregular  ) نكتب صيغته   3/ اذا كان فعلا شاذا (( odd  نكتبه كما هو

+ verb

Pronoun Noun

ملاحظات :-

الافعال المنتظمه 1\ regular verb : -

Use : used  - live : lived  -  move : moved  - change : changed

Visit : visited  - cook : cooked  -    talk : talked  - walk : walked

Try : tried  -    study : studied  - cry : cried  - carry : carried

plan: planned      -    shop: shopped        prefer:preferred

Play : played - enjoy : enjoyed - stay : stayed

الافعال غير المنتظمه 2\ Irregular verbs :-

Eat : ate - drink : drank - write : wrote - go : went - do : did

الافعال الشاذه 3\ odd verbs :-

Cut : cut - shut : shut- put : put - read : read - hit : hit

جُمَل مُثْبَتَه Positive sentences:-

1\ we  visited (visit)  our grandfather last week.

2\ they  traveled  ( travel ) to Amman  by car .

3\ the lesson started  ( start ) seven minutes ago.

4\ He walked ( walk ) in the snow last winter .  

5\  she cried ( cry ) two days ago . 

6\ I saw ( see ) him in the other day.

7\ she lived ( live ) in England for three years .

8\ you studied ( study ) all week .

9\  just now , I did ( do ) my homework .

10\ I stayed ( stay ) at station for 20 minutes . 

11\ when I was (be) a young boy ,I walked (walk) a mile to school on feet.    

12\ I played ( play ) tennis yesterday.

13\ I bought ( buy ) a house in 1993.

14\ I met ( meet ) my children along time ago .                                 

15\  she cooked ( cook )  meal when she was ( be ) younger .

16\ yesterday children were ( be ) happy ,because  they went ( go ) to the park .

17\ Ali waited ( wait ) all morning .

18\ I watched  ( watch ) a film last night .

19\  they got ( get) married in 2009 . 

20\  she combed ( comb ) her hair just now .

21\ his father died ( die ) two years ago .

22\ my father came ( come ) here yesterday .

23\ when I was (be) student , I carried ( carry ) a bag with me . 

24\  I talked  ( talk ) to her  in the other day . 

25\ this morning I was (be) late , because I walked (walk) to work .

26\ they used  (use ) the computer last Monday . 

When do we use the past simple tense ?

متى نستعمل الفعل الماضى البسيط 

1\ to talk about actions or situations that happened in a known past time:-            

  للتحدث عن احداث اومواقف حدثت فى زمن ماضى معلوم :- مثل :-

1\ I visited ( visit ) Amman last week.

2\ I watched (watch ) t.v yesterday .

3\ Ali went  ( go ) to Cairo  a week ago .

2\ to describe series of completed actions in the past :-

لوصف سلسله من الاحداث المكتمله فى الماضى  مثل :- 

On Saturday my brother and me went  ( go ) to a nice lake . there we met ( meet ) our friends . we swam ( swim ) in the warm water and played ( play ) volleyball in the afternoon . too bad that we had (have)  to go home in the evening we didn't want to go to school on Monday . 

جنبا الى جنب مع الماضى المستمر 3\ together with the past continuous  :-

1\they were playing cards when the telephone rang  ( ring ). 

2\ while Ali was reading outside , it started ( start ) to rain .

3\ As he was eating fish , his father came ( come ) .

4/ يستخدم فى حالة وجود احدى الكلمات او العبارات التاليه فى الجمله ( حتى till _ حتى until – حالما / الى ان as soon as  ) بشرط ان يكون الفعل الواقع بعد هذه الكلمات فى الماضى البسيط :- مثل :- 

1\He waited  ( wait ) here till the train left .

2\ She was ( be ) the head teacher until she retired in 1968 .

3\ He gave (give) me the bag as soon as I arrived .

5\ to talk about Routine Activities that happened in the past :-

للتحدث عن انشطه روتينيه حصلت فى الماضى :- مثل :- 

1\She always enjoyed ( enjoy ) visiting her friend .

2\ I met  (meet) him once. 

3\ Ali frequently changed ( change ) his work .

4\ Fatima seldom stepped ( step ) out of her home .

5\ when I was (be) 10 years old , I walked ( walk ) a mile to school everyday .

  ملاحظه :- ظروف التكرار مثل  ( always – usually – often –- rarely – every )   تدل على تكرار الفعل . وهى تستخدم فى الكثير من الازمنه مثل المضارع البسيط والماضى البسيط والمضارع المستمر .

Negative Form    

Verb ( infinitive )+

Didn't  +

Noun pronoun

  -:Examples 

1\ I didn't watch  ( not – watch ) t.v yesterday .                                     

2\ they didn't discuss  (not – discuss ) the problem yesterday .             

3\ Ali didn't buy ( buy ) a car three days ago .

4\she didn't go  ( not –go ) to London last year .

5\ we didn't read  ( not – read ) newspaper this morning .  

6\ my parents didn't like (like) my new car .

7\ we didn't come  ( not – come ) because it was raining .

8\you didn't close ( not – close ) the door .

9\ she didn't speak ( not – speak ) English .

10\ we didn't sleep  ( not – sleep ) well last night .

11\ they didn't study ( not – study) , so they didn't pass ( not – pass ) the test .

12\ she didn't have  ( not – have ) a time to visit Amman .

13\ He didn't steal  (not- steal ) those ideas from you .

14 \ you didn't show  ( not – show ) me the photos from the wedding .

15\ I didn't understand  ( not –understand ) what you said .

16\ they didn't listen ( not – listen ) to the radio yesterday . 

ملاحظه :- احيانا نستخدم (wasn't – weren't  (  بدلا من( ( didn't فى مثل الحالات التاليه :- 

1\ I wasn't  ( not – be ) at school last Monday . 

2\ it wasn't  (not- be ) rainy this morning .                                                   

3\ they weren't  ( not – be ) in the class last Tuesday .

4\ Manar wasn't ( not – be ) good at English last year . 

5\ we  weren't ( not – be ) at the park yesterday . 

Question form

+ verb (infinitive) ?	+ noun \ pronoun	Did
+ verb (infinitive) ?	+ noun \ pronoun	Wh + did

Examples :-                                                             

1\ Did  you live ( live )  abroad ? yes, I did

2\ Did  He drink ( drink ) tea yesterday ? yes , he did

3\ Did they arrive  ( arrive ) on a time ? No, they didn't 

4\ Did she ride ( ride ) her bike to work? No, she didn't .

5\ what Did you say  ( say ) ? I didn't say any thing . 

6\ where Did She go  ( go ) ? she went to hospital.  

7\ when Did  They  study (study)? They studied last night .  

مع تحياتى / اسعد امبل سليمان محمد ( السودان ) 

شرح مفصَّل - زمن المضارع البسيط The Present Simple Tense - شبكة امبل - English Grammar

Lesson One

Present Simple Tense

الكلمات الداله او ( الظروف ) -: (Key Words Or ( Adverbs 

دائما : always    غالبا  : often      احيانا  : sometimes        نادرا : rarely  

كلا / لا  : never            نادرا :  seldom           بانتظام : regularly 

عادة : usually      من حين لاخر  : occasionally    بتكرار repeatedly

عامة  : generally        عادة : normally      دوريا  : periodically 

يوميا : daily   اسبوعيا : weekly    شهريا  : monthly  سنويا : yearly

نادرا جدا : hardly ever    بتكرار : frequently   باستمرار : constantly

باستمرار : continually    نادرا جدا  : scarcely ever 

فى هذه الايام  : nowadays    من حين لاخر : from time to time 

بين الفينة والاخرى  : every now and then  كل الوقت : all the time 

فى + يوم من ايام الاسبوع او العطله : (on +(days of the week or holiday

فى + شهر او فصل : (in + month of the year or season of the year

كل (يوم -اسبوع -شهر - سنة ) : (every (day -week -month -year 

كل (يوم -اسبوع -شهر - سنه )  : (each (day -week -month -year 

مره فى (اليوم -الاسبوع -الشهر ) : (once (a day -a week - a month

مرتان فى (اليوم - الاسبوع - الشهر) :(twice (a day - a week- a month

رقم+مرات فى (اليوم - الشهر):( number+ times + (a day- a month

 القاعده  -: Rule

+ verb + ( es – ies – s )	He – She – It – Ali – Fatima
+ verb  ( infinitive )	We – You – They – I – boys - girls

1/ يضاف للفعل ( es ) عندما ينتهى باحدى الاحرف التاليه :-

يذهب go:goes                 يفعل do - does	O
يشاهد watch –watches          يبحث search – searches	Ch
يغسل wash – washes           يرش splash – splashes	Sh
يثبت Fix – fixes                  يمزج mix - mixes	X
يغتسل bath – bathes          يتنفس breath - breathes	Th
يفتقد miss – misses          يبوس kiss –kisses	S or SS
يطن buzz – buzzes            يئز fizz - fizzes	Z Z

2/ يضاف للفعل (ies) اذا انتهى بحرف ال(  Y) بشرط ان لا يسبق حرف ال (y) احد حروف العله  وهى (a – e -i-o–u ) مثل                                                            

يطير fly – flies               يحاول try – tries          يدرس study – studies

يلعب play – plays           يشترى buy – buys       يستمتع enjoy - enjoys

3/ يضاف للفعل (S) فى الحالات التى لا تسمح باضافه (es) او (ies):-

ياكل eat – eats          يشرب drink – drinks              ينظر look - looks

ملاحظه : نستخدم Has)  ) مع القاعده الاولى وHave)) مع القاعده الثانيه ؛ كما نستعمل بدلا من الفعل  be)) الافعال is – am - are )) حسب الضمير او الاسم فى بدايه الجمله

When do we Use The Present simple tense ? 

متى نستعمل الفعل المضارع البسيط ؟ نستعمل الفعل المضارع البسيط فى سته حالات رئيسيه هى :-

للحقائق الطبيعيه1\ For Nature Facts :- 

Examples :-  امثله 

1\ Water  boils  at 100 C° .

2\ Water  freezes  at zero C° . 

3\ The Earth circles  a round the Sun .

4\ Water consists  of Hydrogen and Oxygen . 

5\ Plants need Water and  Sun . 

6\ It snows in winter here . 

7\ Cows eat grass . 

8\ two and two equal four . 

9\ the Sun is bigger than the Moon . 

10\ The Horses are strong .

For Habits :- للعادات            

Examples :- امثله

1\ He usually watches t.v . 

2\ She sometimes  carries rubbish . 

3\ Taha often  plays foot ball .

4\  Fatima eats ice cream everyday . 

5\ We rarely visit Museum.

6\ I  go  to pray five times a day.

7\ my father washes his car once a month .

8\ John visits his uncle on Saturday. 

9\ Anne usually  has dinner at 8:30 o'clock 

10\ they seldom  ask  for help .

11\ Manar frequently brushes  her teeth.     

12\  It  occasionally  rains   in here .

13\ I hardly ever  have  a pizza .

14\ \ It never  costs  a lot of money .  

15\ He scarcely ever  wears  A Suit and pants .

3\ For Daily Routine :- للروتين اليومى 

Examples :- امثله 

I wake  up at six o.c in the morning , I  take  my shower, I eat  my breakfast , I go to work  by car  , I  finish  work at 6:30 pm , I watch t.v with my wife , my wife  cooks  dinner , she  plays computer games and goes to sleep at 11 pm , but I go to bed at 12 pm. 

4\ Permanent  Situations : - للحالات الدائمه 

Examples :- امثله 

1\ my brother  lives in Amman .     

2\ Ali  speaks  France.

3\ I  work  as a teacher.     

4\ the word huge means very big.                                                                       

5\ Khalid  teaches maths at high school.

6\ they are from china .

7\ my sister drives  a bicycle.

5\ For Schedules :- للمواعيد 

ويقصد بها المواعيد المبرمج لها او المحدد وقت حصولها مسبقا فى المستقبل ( زمن - تاريخ ) :-

Examples :- امثله 

1\ The movie starts  at 5:00 pm . 

2\ Our Plane  leaves  at 8:00 pm.    

3\ schools in Jordan usually  start in the end of August. 

4\The Train  arrives  at 10:00 am .

5\ next month is January. 

6\ tomorrow is  Saturday .

7\ the supermarket opens at 6:00 am every morning.   

8\ winter  begins  on 21 December .

9\ my son turns  10 years old this July .

10\ The trains leave at 3:15 pm.

6\ with stative verbs :-  مع الافعال الخبريه  

Like – love  – hate  – prefer  – need  – want  – wish  –   dislike

Think  – remember – forget  – know – believe – imagine

See  –  hear – smell – taste – feel – seem – appear - miss

Have  - own – belong – possess  – depend – cost           - include

1\ He loves his family.  

2\ she  likes  fish.

3\ I  want  ice cream  

4\ I  remember  you very well.

5\ I  hate  crowded places. 

6\ I think  Ali is really smart . 

7\ this pizza tastes  delicious.

8\ that House seems empty . 

9\ He has two children.

10\ my daughter misses  me when I am away .

ملاحظه :- لا تستخدم الافعال الثابته stative verbs   مع ال present continuous

Negative Form  صيغة النفى

+ verb (infinitive)	doesn't+	He – She – It – Ali – Fatima
+ verb (infinitive)	don't+	We – You – They – I – boys

Examples :-  امثله

1\ She  doesn't  eat  fish everyday. 

2\ I  don't  forget  you .

3\ Jordon doesn't  lie  in Europe.

4\ the sun doesn't  rise  in the west .

5\ we don't work  in the bank.

6\ He doesn't play  tennis everyday.

ملاحظه :- نستخدم isn't  و aren't و am not بدلا من doesn't و don't فى الحالات التاليه :- 

1\ Anne   isn't  (not - be) usually good at cooking.                              

2\ Ali and Amer aren't (not-be) often good at playing tennis.         

3\ I am not (not_be) a teacher.    

4\ He isn't  (not_be) very friendly.

Question Form

+ verb (infinitive)?	He – She – It – Ali – Fatima	Does
+ verb (infinitive)?	We – You – They – I – boys – girls	Do

الاجابه Answer :-

Yes,…………… does          Or           No,………….. doesn't

Yes,…………… do              Or            No,………….. don't

Examples :- امثله 

1\ Does He go to school everyday? Yes,he does .

 2\ Do They always  drink  coffee ? No,they don't 

ملاحظه :- نستخدمis ,am, are  فى السؤال بدلا من does, do فى الحالات التاليه :- 

1\ Is He a teacher ?  yes, he is .

 2\ Are You students ? yes, we are . 

3\ Am I Clever ?   yes,  you are 

ملاحظه :- يمكن استخدام does , do  wh  مع   Questions  كالاتى :- 

1\ what do  you do?   I do my homework.

2\ when does He get up ? He gets up at 6:00 am 

3\ why do You learn English ? because it is international language .

ملاحظه :-  نستخدم is,am,are  مع ال wh questions  بدلا من do,does فى مثل الحالات التاليه  :- 

1\ what is your name ? my name is Omer .

2\ where is my bag ? it is under the table .

3\ where are  You from ? I am from Sudan .

4\ when is Your birthday ? 7 June 

5\ what is  Your birth date ? 7.11.1983 

مع تحياتى / اسعد امبل سليمان محمد  (السودان)